Er: YAG laser is a new type of laser in the 1980s. When the doping focus is high, the laser can obtain an outcome of 2.94 μm. Since the laser has a wavelength of 2.94 um, right at the absorption top of the water, it can be strongly absorbed by water particles. The mass fraction of water in biological cells as well as cells is typically greater than 70 percent.
Consequently, a 2.94 μm laser is a suitable choice for laser biology applications. Using this band of laser can likewise stay clear of the damage of various other molecular bonds in the cell and does not have big thermal damages like carbon dioxide laser; Furthermore, the penetrating depth of erbium laser in organic tissue is extremely shallow, and also its mechanical and thermal damages to the body are extremely tiny. For that reason, the application and growth of Er: YAG laser have been paid much attention in clinical circles at home as well as abroad recently.
Er: YAG crystal
The laser device of Er: YAG is relatively complicated but can realize particular problems as a result of different energy transfers.
2.94 μm laser output. Its macro characteristics are small one-way gain, high limit, and challenging to accomplish constant outcome; However, because of the high doping concentration, it is hard to produce saturation to ensure that it can get the laser pulse with large power.
Er3+: YAG crystal belongs to the cubic crystal system, an encouraging strong laser material in the mid-infrared band, which can outcome laser of 3 wavelengths at room temperature level: 1.64 μm, 1.78 μm as well as 2.94 μm, amongst which 1.64 μm and also 1.78 μm remain in the risk-free band of human eyes, 2.94 μm is in the hydroxyl absorption height and also can be strongly soaked up by biological tissues, so it has a great application prospect in laser medicine, laser interaction, laser distance dimension, etc application
Medical
The outcome wavelength of Er: YAG laser is 2.94 μm, which is specifically regular with the top of the water absorption spectrum, as well as the absorption coefficient, is 13000cm-1, which is the highest amongst existing clinical lasers. It is a type of laser conveniently taken in by water particles and can attain a great result with little power.
The optical penetration deepness corresponding to the absorption coefficient is 1μm; compared with other clinical lasers, the penetration depth is very shallow. This advantage is unparalleled to other wavelengths and can be made use of to execute precise cutting as well as soft cell excision surgery. As a result, it is appropriate for accuracy in clinical areas such as ophthalmology and also capillary.
Plastic
Er: YAG laser in cosmetic surgery, bone and tooth cutting, and also other applications have brought in much interest.
Furthermore, Er: YAG laser is an extremely safe and useful laser resource for clinical usage due to the fact that the damage to water-bearing cells is mechanical damage triggered by water evaporation, which does not leave melt scars, nor does it have the prospective risk of genetics anomaly brought on by damage to cell DNA comparable to the excimer laser.
Over the last few years, the application of erbium-doped YAG laser in the clinical field has been paid increasingly more interest. With the maturity of Q-switching innovation, the trouble of Q-switching of Er: YAG laser has been overcome, and also the regulated 2.94 μm Er: YAG laser, the pulse size is considerably reduced, the peak power is likewise raised, which even lowers the mechanical damages to the irradiated item surface area, and also the thermal damage is practically absolutely no. The side of the pulse trauma factor is smooth, which is very appropriate for various accuracy clinical areas.
Oral
Among all kinds of wavelength lasers, Er: YAG laser in the mid-infrared band has a wavelength of 2940nm, which takes place to be near the optimal of the water absorption contour and also the second optimal of the hydroxyapatite absorption contour. It is very easy to be absorbed by water and hydroxyapatite, and also specifically easy to be absorbed by water to produce high power.
For that reason, it can act upon soft and also tough cells with various water components to generate cutting, ablating as well as grinding effects and eliminate all kinds of germs in the tissues at the same time. As a result, it is a multi-functional laser widely used in various clinical subspecialties of the mouth. In addition, Er: YAG laser has the shallowest cells infiltration deepness, just 2μm in soft tissue, 5μm in enamel as well as 7μm in dentin, which has the advantages of exact treatment as well as very little tissue damage in a professional application.
At the same time, the water air conditioning layout makes the temperature level rise triggered by Er: YAG laser irradiation of soft as well as hard cells surface no greater than 5 ℃, virtually no thermal damage, so the tissue reaction after treatment is slight, fast recovery, really suitable for dental minimally invasive treatment.
Blood
The 2.94 μm laser emphasis engages with water-saturated organic cells. It amounts to instantaneous heating of a finite quantity in which the pressure increases and material (such as blood) spurts of the cut without clotting, a bent some surgical procedures. Yet it was this characteristic that led to the growth of the laser blood sampler. The result is excellent. The pain is smaller sized than in acupuncture blood collection. The injury area is smaller sized, the healing is fast, no infection.